N.21
November 25th, 2024 – Eleonora Corradi
Teatro alla Scala in Milan: the convergence of tradition and modernity in Italian opera
The Teatro alla Scala in Milan, better known as “La Scala,” is one of the most famous and prestigious opera houses in the world. With a history intertwined with that of the city of Milan and a tradition of artistic excellence that is renewed year after year, La Scala is a landmark for international music and opera. One of the most anticipated moments in the Milanese, and more generally Italian, cultural calendar is the famous “Prima della Scala,” held every year on December 7, on the feast of St. Ambrose, patron saint of Milan.
History of La Scala Theater.
The history of the Teatro alla Scala began in the 18th century, when Empress Maria Theresa of Austria and the Milanese nobility decided to build a new theater for the city after the Teatro Regio Ducale was destroyed by fire in 1776. The commission was given to neoclassical architect Giuseppe Piermarini, who completed the project in record time: in fact, the theater opened on August 3, 1778, with Antonio Salieri’s opera L’Europa riconosciuta.
Since its opening, La Scala has played a key role in the development of opera. It has been the stage for numerous legendary composers, conductors and singers, becoming a symbol of the Italian opera tradition. Great figures in music, such as Giuseppe Verdi, Giacomo Puccini, Arturo Toscanini and Maria Callas, have marked crucial moments in the theater’s history, helping to cement its prestige. During World War II, La Scala suffered severe damage from bombing, but was rebuilt and reopened on May 11, 1946, with a concert conducted by Toscanini, symbolizing the cultural rebirth of Milan and Italy.
Architecture and acoustics: a masterpiece of design.
The architecture of La Scala is refined and elegant. The exterior facade is neoclassical in style, so it is very linear. The interior has a horseshoe structure with several tiers of red velvet boxes with gilded decorations, and it was designed to ensure optimal visuals and perfect acoustics. In particular, Piermarini optimized the acoustics by lowering the curvature of the ceiling with wooden rods hung from the roof trusses and then covered with plaster. This created a gap between the plaster covering and the actual roof of the Theater. Thanks to the meticulous calculation of its dimensions, this empty space creates a kind of box like that of musical instruments, in which sound waves circulate perfectly. The structure has been restored and modernized several times, most recently in 2002 under the direction of architect Mario Botta, who expanded the space behind the stage and improved the stage technologies while keeping the historic beauty of the hall intact.
The “Prima della Scala”: a world event.
The “Prima della Scala”, marks the Inauguration of the Opera Season and is one of the most prestigious events in the world of Italian opera. Held on December 7, St. Ambrose’s Day, it is the official opening of the theater’s opera season. The event is followed internationally and attracts a host of high-profile spectators, including personalities from politics, business, fashion and the arts, as well as a large presence of journalists and opera fans.
Each year, the opera chosen for the premiere is carefully selected to meet audience expectations and maintain La Scala’s tradition. In the past, operas such as Verdi’s Otello and Aida, Puccini’s Tosca, and Bellini’s Norma, works that are part of the classical repertoire of Italian and international opera, have been performed on the premiere stage. The premiere is accompanied by a great deal of media attention and is broadcast live both in Italy and abroad, thanks to collaboration with several television networks. In addition, in recent years, in order to bring a wider audience closer to opera culture, public screening events have been organized in squares and theaters in other Italian cities, making the Premiere an occasion of shared celebration.
The importance of the Premiere and the cultural significance.
The La Scala premiere is not only a moment of entertainment, but represents a real social and cultural ritual. It is an opportunity to celebrate Italy’s musical and operatic heritage, but also to express the identity of the city of Milan as a capital of culture and art. For Milan, La Scala is a symbol of prestige and belonging, and the Premiere is an unmissable event that brings the city together in an atmosphere of celebration and solemnity.
The opera chosen for the Premiere is often interpreted as a statement of intent: through repertoire selection and artistic interpretation, La Scala expresses a reflection on the present and future of theater and opera. For example, in recent years titles have been chosen that reflect topical issues or present new interpretations of classical works, opening up spaces for debate and cultural exchange.
The Scala audience: from tradition to opening to young people.
La Scala’s audience has always been made up of high-profile cultural enthusiasts, but in recent years the theater has implemented policies aimed at bringing in younger people as well. Thanks to initiatives such as the “Youth Premiere,” which offers students and young people under 30 the opportunity to attend a dress rehearsal of the premiere at subsidized prices, La Scala has opened its doors to an increasingly broad and diverse audience. This commitment to cultural inclusion is a sign of the theater’s vitality and its ability to renew itself while keeping tradition alive.
DID YOU KNOW?
The name “La Scala” has historical origins related to the place where the theater was built. Before the theater was built, the church of Santa Maria alla Scala stood in the area, named after Beatrice Regina della Scala, a noblewoman belonging to the Veronese Della Scala family, who was the wife of Bernabò Visconti, lord of Milan in the 14th century. To commemorate the place and history, the theater inherited the name “alla Scala” from the church, thus becoming known as Teatro alla Scala.
PAROLE DIFFICILI
Il/la palchettista: chi ha un abbonamento un palco a teatro. A person who is a box-holder in a theater.
I nobili milanesi erano spesso palchettisti del Teatro alla Scala.
Milanese aristocrats were often box-holders at La Scala Theater.
Il ridotto: ambiente del teatro nel quale il pubblico si ritrova negli intervalli di uno spettacolo. Foyer: area of the theater in which the audience gathers in the intervals of a performance.
Gli spettatori si incontrano e scambiano quattro chiacchiere nel ridotto del teatro.
Audience members meet and chat in the theater’s foyer.
La platea: superficie della sala, di fronte al palcoscenico, che ospita i posti a sedere degli spettatori. Parterre: area of the auditorium, opposite the stage, which houses the seats of the spectators.
I posti più costosi per La Scala sono in platea.
The most expensive seats for La Scala are in the parterre.
La ribalta: il bordo del proscenio, dove sono allineate le sorgenti di luce. Front of the stage: the edge of the proscenium, where the light sources are aligned.
Durante le prove generali, bisogna controllare la posizione delle luci sulla ribalta.
During the dress, you need to check the position of the lights on the front of the stage.
La fossa: zona generalmente infossata, di solito fra il proscenio e la sala, che ospita di solito l’orchestra. Orchestra pit: lowered area between the proscenium and the auditorium, that usually houses the orchestra.
Prima dell’inizio dello spettacolo, l’orchestra ha preso posto nella fossa.
Before the performance began, the orchestra took its place in the pit.
Il sipario: telone che nasconde la scena al pubblico e viene alzato e abbassato all’inizio e alla fine dello spettacolo. Curtain: tarp that hides the scene from the audience and is raised and lowered at the beginning and end of the performance.
Appena calato il sipario, il pubblico si avvia verso l’uscita.
As soon as the curtain falls, the audience heads for the exit

